Kinds of Management
Types of managers
Managers can be distinguished in two basic aspects
The first: the administrative level held by the manager in the organization in which he works.
The second: the administrative sector in which the manager practices his activity, such as marketing, finance, etc.
Figure (1-4) shows the types of managers in light of the administrative levels they occupy and the administrative sectors in which they carry out their activities
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| Kinds of Management |
Types of managers according to administrative level
In most organizations, especially large ones, there are three administrative levels: senior management, middle management, and direct management.
Higher Management
Managers at this level constitute a relatively small number, and they control the organization, and the senior management is called the president/vice president, the CEO, and the managers of the senior management - in particular - They are the ones who set goals, strategies, and policies and represent the organization before external forces, whether private or governmental. Their work is characterized by diversity and challenge, and they make strategic decisions related to owning other companies They invest in research and development, enter and exit a specific market, build new factories and facilities, work long hours, and spend most of their working hours in meetings or telephone calls.
Middle management
Managers at this level constitute a relatively larger number in most organizations, and middle management usually consists of the factory manager, operations manager, and financial director. The primary responsibility of middle management is to implement policies The plans that are drawn up by senior management supervise and coordinate the work of direct management, and middle management acts as the link between senior management and direct management.
Direct management
Direct management exercises supervision and coordination over the work and activities of employees and operational workers. The common names of direct management managers include the supervisor, the administrative officer, and unlike managers in the middle and upper management,Line managers spend a large portion of their time supervising the work of their assistants.
Types of managers according to job sector
Regardless of the administrative levels held by managers, they can work in several functions and sectors in the organization. In every organization, there are managers of marketing, finance, operations, and human resources, and they are located in The three administrative levels are upper, middle and direct.
Marketing managers
Marketing managers perform work related to the marketing function, which works to make clients and customers purchase the organization's goods and services.
Financial managers
They deal with investment decisions and financing decisions related to the organization.
Operations managers
They are concerned with creating and managing the system that creates the organization’s goods and services, and they monitor product and inventory, control quality, etc.
Human resources managers
Human resources managers are responsible for recruiting and developing the workforce, career planning, attracting, selecting, training and developing workers, developing and evaluating the compensation and incentives system...etc.
